G6PD (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase)

G6PD-deficient newborns can develop severe neonatal jaundice within the first few days of life, leading to kernicterus (permanent brain damage) if not treated. Many Indian states have made universal newborn G6PD screening standard. Early identification allows close jaundice monitoring and avoidance of triggering drugs like naphthalene (mothballs).

Avoid primaquine, tafenoquine, dapsone, sulfa antibiotics (cotrimoxazole), nitrofurantoin, methylene blue, rasburicase, and high-dose aspirin. Avoid fava beans (and supplements containing broad beans). Avoid naphthalene (mothballs). Consult a pharmacist before any new medication. Not every drug on the list causes problems in every person — severity varies by variant.

Yes. Although G6PD deficiency is X-linked and more common in men, women can be affected. Homozygous women (two affected X chromosomes) have the same severity as men. Heterozygous carriers have intermediate enzyme levels and can still experience hemolysis, especially under strong triggers. Family screening is recommended if one member is diagnosed.