Total Protein
Total protein measures the combined amount of albumin and globulin in your blood. Albumin is made by the liver and maintains fluid balance. Globulins include antibodies (immunoglobulins) and transport proteins. Together, they reflect liver function, kidney function, immune status, and nutritional health.
Reference Ranges
Male
6 – 8.3
g/dL
Female
6 – 8.3
g/dL
Child
6 – 8
g/dL
Ages 1–18
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory. Always compare with the range printed on your lab report.
What Low Levels Mean
Low total protein can indicate liver disease (reduced albumin production), nephrotic syndrome (protein lost in urine), malnutrition, or malabsorption. It causes edema and weakened immunity. Chronic illness and inflammation also lower total protein over time.
What High Levels Mean
High total protein may indicate chronic infection, chronic inflammation, multiple myeloma (a blood cancer that produces excess immunoglobulins), or dehydration. The albumin/globulin breakdown helps determine which fraction is elevated.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does it mean if globulin is high but albumin is normal?
High globulin with normal albumin suggests the immune system is active — chronic infection, autoimmune disease, or inflammation. In some cases, it indicates multiple myeloma, which overproduces one type of immunoglobulin. A serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) test can identify the specific type.
Can I increase total protein through diet?
If low total protein is due to poor nutrition, increasing dietary protein (dal, paneer, eggs, chicken, soy) can help. However, if it is caused by liver disease, kidney disease, or other medical conditions, dietary changes alone are insufficient — the underlying cause must be treated.
Why are total protein and albumin both tested?
Testing both allows calculation of the A/G ratio and identifies whether low total protein is due to low albumin (liver/kidney issue) or low globulin (immune deficiency). This distinction guides diagnosis and treatment.
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for interpretation of your test results.
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