LDL Cholesterol
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) carries cholesterol from the liver to cells throughout the body. When there is too much LDL, it deposits cholesterol in artery walls, forming plaques that narrow and harden arteries (atherosclerosis). This process is the primary driver of heart attacks and strokes. LDL is the single most important cholesterol number to control.
Reference Ranges
Male
0 – 100
mg/dL
Female
0 – 100
mg/dL
Child
0 – 110
mg/dL
Ages 2–18
Reference ranges may vary by laboratory. Always compare with the range printed on your lab report.
What Low Levels Mean
There is no established lower limit for LDL — lower is generally better for cardiovascular health. Studies show that very low LDL levels (below 40 mg/dL) achieved with medication are safe and provide maximum heart protection.
What High Levels Mean
LDL above 100 mg/dL is above optimal. 100–129 is near optimal, 130–159 is borderline high, 160–189 is high, and above 190 is very high. The target depends on your overall cardiovascular risk — people with existing heart disease may need LDL below 70 mg/dL.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a good LDL level?
For most adults, below 100 mg/dL is optimal. If you have heart disease, diabetes, or multiple risk factors, your doctor may aim for below 70 mg/dL. For low-risk individuals, up to 130 mg/dL may be acceptable.
How can I lower my LDL naturally?
Reduce saturated and trans fats, increase soluble fiber (oats, barley, beans, apples), eat more nuts and fatty fish, exercise regularly, and lose excess weight. These changes can lower LDL by 10–30 mg/dL. Statins may be needed if lifestyle alone is insufficient.
What is the LDL/HDL ratio?
The LDL/HDL ratio helps assess cardiovascular risk. A ratio below 2.5 is ideal, 2.5–3.5 is acceptable, and above 3.5 indicates higher risk. For example, LDL 100 and HDL 50 gives a ratio of 2.0 — excellent.
This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor for interpretation of your test results.
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